Mask conversion scheme on post quantum cryptographic for resisting side channel attacks
Online published: 2025-01-25
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With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, billions of devices are interconnected through networks, and IoT security issues are becoming increasingly prominent. Especially with the advancement of quantum computing technology, traditional cryptographic algorithms are facing unprecedented security threats. The traditional public key encryption algorithms relied upon by IoT devices may become ineffective in the era of quantum computing, posing significant risks to IoT applications worldwide. As a new cryptographic system to resist quantum computing attacks, post quantum cryptographic algorithms play a crucial role in the security of IoT devices. However, although post quantum cryptography algorithms can theoretically resist the threat of quantum computing, the risk of side channel attacks (SCA) in their practical implementation cannot be ignored. Side channel attacks do not rely on the cracking algorithm itself, but instead undermine security by analyzing the physical information leaked by IoT devices when running encryption algorithms. In this context, a mask conversion scheme called boolean to arithmetic conversion (B2A) is reviewed to address the issue of side channel attack mask protection in post quantum cryptography algorithms. Through in-depth analysis of existing masking techniques, the principle, implementation process, and advantages of B2A method in resisting side channel attacks are elaborated in detail, providing ideas for the secure implementation of post quantum cryptography algorithms in IoT devices and references for research and development in the field of cryptography in China.
ZHANG Shuqi , LI Yanbin , WANG Pengbo , GE Chunpeng , XU Qiuliang . Mask conversion scheme on post quantum cryptographic for resisting side channel attacks[J]. Journal of Cybersecurity, 2024 , 2(5) : 44 -56 . DOI: 10.20172/j.issn.2097-3136.240504
表 1 B2A算法的操作计数,阶数最高为t=12,掩码份额为n=t+1Table 1 Operation count for B2A conversion algorithms, up to security order t = 12, with n = t + 1 shares |
表 2 B2A算法的运行时间(μs),在3.2 GHz英特尔处理器的iMac上用C语言实现Table 2 Running time (μs) for B2A conversion algorithms. The implementation was done in C on a iMac running a 3.2 GHz Intel processor |
表 3 对于算法12 |
| n | |||||||||||
| 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 16 | |
| k=4 | 76 | 174 | 308 | 478 | 684 | 926 | 1 204 | 1 518 | 1 868 | 2 254 | 4 724 |
| k=8 | 156 | 354 | 624 | 966 | 1 380 | 1 866 | 2 424 | 3 054 | 3 756 | 4 530 | 9 480 |
| k=15 | 296 | 669 | 1 177 | 1 820 | 2 598 | 3 511 | 4 559 | 5 742 | 7 060 | 8 513 | 17 803 |
表 4 对于素数q=223−213+1,18位模q B2A算法的操作计数,安全阶数达到t=12,使用n=t+1个份额Table 4 Operation count for 18-bit B2A modulo q conversion algorithms, up to security order t = 12, with n = t + 1 shares, for prime q=223−213+1 |
| B→A mod q | 安全阶数 t | |||||||
| 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | |
| [SPOG19] 18→mod q | 804 | 1 414 | 2 186 | 3 120 | 4 216 | 6 894 | 10 220 | 14 194 |
| BtoAqApprox | 58 | 135 | 292 | 609 | 1 246 | 5 080 | 20 434 | 81 868 |
| BtoAqExact | 154 | 285 | 610 | 1 032 | 1 786 | 6 160 | 21 938 | 83 860 |
表 5 μ位模q的B2A算法的循环计数(μ=18, |
| B→A mod q | Security order t | |||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| [SPOG19] | 694 | |||||
| BtoAqApprox | 24 | 80 | 310 | 518 | 908 | 1963 |
| BtoAqExact | 351 | 445 | 979 | |||
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