无人机网络安全综述
网络出版日期: 2025-02-22
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3104500)
版权
A survey of security for unmanned aerial vehicle networks
Online published: 2025-02-22
Copyright
无人机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV)网络以低空空域为依托,以航空产业为主导。随着低空经济的快速发展,对无人机网络提出了强安全、高协同、可管控等新的要求。在综合梳理无人机网络的国内外研究现状的基础上,从节点行为安全、通信网络安全、智能决策安全、数据共享安全等多个维度对无人机网络面临的核心安全威胁与挑战进行了深入探讨,并从动态异常行为预警、通信链路可信保障、网络智能攻防对抗、跨域数据安全共享等多个方面对现有及潜在解决方案进行了全面综述。最后,探索了无人机网络与语义通信、大模型、数字孪生等新兴技术的融合方向并展望了未来发展趋势。
王云涛 , 苏洲 , 邓毅 , 高源 , 刘怡良 . 无人机网络安全综述[J]. 网络空间安全科学学报, 2025 , 3(1) : 2 -18 . DOI: 10.20172/j.issn.2097-3136.250101
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks are founded upon the low-altitude airspace and are led by the aviation industry. Driven by the fast development of the low-altitude digital economy, new demands and challenges of enhanced security, high collaboration, and regulatability have been raised in UAV networks. Based on the comprehensive review of current research progress on UAV networks, key security threats and challenges faced by UAV networks were explored from four perspectives: behavioral security, communication security, decision security, and data sharing security. A thorough review of the existing and potential solutions was also provided across various aspects, including dynamic anomalous behavior warning, trusted communication link construction, intelligent defense against network attacks, and cross-domain secure data sharing. Finally, several future directions and trends of the UAV networks were outlined about the integration of the UAV networks with the emerging technologies such as semantic communication, large models, and digital twin.
Key words: UAV network; attack-defense; communication security; data security
表 1 典型无人机类型比较Table 1 Comparison of typical UAV types |
| 类型 | 优势 | 缺点 | 适用任务 | 典型产品 |
| 多旋翼无人机 | 操控简单灵活,支持垂直起降和悬停 | 续航时间和飞行距离有限 | 航拍、监控、建筑和地形测绘 | DJI Mini 2、DJI Mavic Mini |
| 单旋翼无人机 | 载重能力强,支持长时间飞行 | 操控复杂度高,需开阔空间起降 | 大面积农药喷洒、监测、特定搜救任务 | Schiebel Camcopter S-100 |
| 固定翼无人机 | 飞行效率高,续航时间长,适合大范围任务 | 需跑道或弹射装置起飞,不支持悬停 | 长距离巡检、大面积地图测绘、环境监测 | SenseFly eBee X |
| 垂直起降无人机 | 支持狭小空间起降、悬停和远程飞行 | 设计和制造复杂度高,成本高 | 环境监测、货物运输、搜救 | DJI Matrice 300 RTK、Quantix Recon |
| 垂直起降固定翼无人机 | 支持垂直起降和远程飞行,适合复杂环境和长距离任务 | 技术要求高,成本较纯多旋翼或固定翼无人机高 | 复杂环境长距离监测、货物快递、测绘 | JOUAV CW-15、JOUAV CW-25 |
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