网络出版日期: 2026-05-13
基金资助
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2025JC-YBMS-652,2025JC-YBMS-676);浙江大学区块链与数据安全全国重点实验室开放课题(A2510)
版权
Anti-quantum IoV privacy protection scheme from blockchain-based aggregate signcryption
Online published: 2026-05-13
Copyright
为了解决车联网数据在传输中的隐私泄露和认证效率低等问题,本文提出车联网环境下基于NTRU(Number Theory Research Unit)格聚合签密算法的去中心化隐私保护方案。该方案以NTRU格密码算法为基础构建抗量子计算的安全架构,采用无证书机制解决证书管理的负担与密钥托管的风险,引入伪身份机制保障用户的匿名性和可追溯性,通过区块链与星际文件系统(InterPlanetary File System,IPFS)构建双层分布式存储架构,实现密文的安全存储与可验证性。NTRU格中计算问题的难解性确保本文方案具备量子免疫性。本文方案在计算与通信效率方面的优势可有效提升车联网的隐私保护水平和认证效率,适用于大规模、高频交互的车联网数据共享场景。
俞惠芳 , 陈贝贝 , 李顺凯 . 基于区块链聚合签密的抗量子车联网隐私保护方案[J]. 网络空间安全科学学报, 2026 , 4(1) : 105 -116 . DOI: 10.20172/j.issn.2097-3136.260208
To address the issues of privacy leakage and low authentication efficiency in data transmission of Internet of vehicles (IoV), this paper proposes a decentralized IoV privacy protection scheme based on number theoretic research unit (NTRU) lattice-based aggregate signcryption algorithm. Based on NTRU lattice, the proposed scheme establishes an anti-quantum security architecture, and employs a certificateless mechanism to alleviate the burden of certificate management and the risk of key escrow. A pseudo-identity mechanism is adopted to ensure the anonymity and traceability of users. By integrating blockchain and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), it constructs a dual-layer distributed storage architecture to achieve secure storage and verifiability of ciphertexts. The quantum immunity of this scheme relies on the intractability of computing problems in NTRU lattice. The computation and communication advantages of the proposed scheme effectively enhance the level of privacy protection and authentication efficiency, and are suitable for the IoV data sharing scenario with large-scale and high-frequency interactions.
表 1 密码学操作的执行时间Table 1 Average execution time of cryptographic operations |
| 操作类型 | 执行时间/ms |
| 椭圆曲线点乘运算 | 8.791 |
| 椭圆曲线点加运算 | 0.027 |
| 矩阵或向量模乘运算 | 0.981 |
| 矩阵或向量模加运算 | 0.014 |
| 指数运算 | 12.512 |
| 双线性配对运算 | 27.054 |
| 映射到点哈希函数 | 11.827 |
| 哈希运算 | 0.001 |
| 高斯采样算法 | 0.028 |
| 多项式模乘运算 | 0.183 |
| 多项式模加运算 | 0.007 |
表 2 各方案计算开销对比Table 2 Comparison of computational overhead of each scheme |
| 方案 | 计算开销 | |
| 签密/签名 | 解签密/验证 | |
| 文献[11] | ||
| 文献[13] | ||
| 文献[28] | ||
| 文献[29] | ||
| 文献[30] | ||
| 本文方案 | ||
表 3 各方案通信开销对比Table 3 Comparison of communication overhead of each scheme |
| 方案 | 通信开销 |
| 文献[11] | |
| 文献[13] | |
| 文献[28] | |
| 文献[29] | |
| 文献[30] | |
| 本文方案 |
表 4 不同安全级别下的参数设置Table 4 Parameter settings under different security levels |
| 参数 | 实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 |
| 128 | 192 | 256 | |
| 16 | 16 | 16 | |
| 512 | 512 | 512 | |
| 218 | 226 | 233 |
表 5 不同聚合数量N下的通信开销对比Table 5 Comparison of communication overhead under different aggregation numbers N |
| 方案 | |||||||||||
| 实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | |||
| 文献[29] | 34816 | 45568 | 59392 | 60416 | 71168 | 84992 | 86016 | 96768 | 110592 | ||
| 文献[30] | 37120 | 43904 | 50944 | 62720 | 69504 | 76544 | 88320 | 95104 | 102144 | ||
| 本文方案 | 30208 | 35584 | 42496 | 55808 | 61184 | 68096 | 81408 | 86784 | 93696 | ||
表 7 多方环境下核心阶段耗时Table 7 Time consumption of core stages in multi-party environment |
| 阶段 | 局域网 | 广域网 | |||||
| N=100 | N=200 | N=500 | N=100 | N=200 | N=500 | ||
| 密钥生成 | 2.061 | 2.283 | 2.936 | 60.072 | 60.297 | 60.945 | |
| 签密 | 4.130 | 4.386 | 4.984 | 62.142 | 62.416 | 63.993 | |
| 聚合 | 2.374 | 2.520 | 2.927 | 31.375 | 31.551 | 31.942 | |
| 解签密 | 43.590 | 81.756 | 196.114 | 159.635 | 197.816 | 312.185 | |
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